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Batailles, incidents et événements historiques liés aux sabres japonais
69 événements
August 1585 (Tenshō 13) and September 1600 (Keichō 5)
Fought in 1585 and again in 1600, the Battle of Ueda saw Sanada Masayuki and his son Yukimura repel far larger Tokugawa forces twice at Ueda Castle. A masterpiece of defensive warfare showcasing Masayuki's reputation as the Sengoku era's supreme strategist.
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Ninth month (9th–11th), Tenshō 12 (October 12–14, 1584)
In the ninth month of Tenshō 12 (1584), Sassa Narimasa of Etchū—who had turned against Hashiba in concert with the Komaki-Nagakute campaign—besieged the strategic Suemori Castle in Noto with an army of 15,000. As the castle commander Okumura Nagatomi and some 300 defenders held on to the brink of collapse, Maeda Toshiie rushed through the night with 2,500 men and struck the Sassa army from behind, driving it off. The battle, which decided the fate of the Maeda house, is called "the Okehazama of Kaga."
July 2, 1582 (13th day, 6th month, Tenshō 10)
On June 13, Tenshō 10 (1582), eleven days after the Honnō-ji Incident, the culmination of the 'Great March from China' unfolded. Toyotomi Hideyoshi defeated Akechi Mitsuhide at Yamazaki in Yamashiro Province (present-day Mishima County, Osaka Prefecture) and seized hegemony following Nobunaga's death. This battle gave birth to the phrase 'the battle that decided the fate of the realm,' arising from the struggle over Tennō Mountain.
April–June 2, Tenshō 10 (May–June 21, 1582)
From April to June 1582 (Tensho 10), a siege took place at Takamatsu Castle in Bitchu Province (present-day Takamatsu, Kita Ward, Okayama City), where Hashiba Hideyoshi subjected the castle held by Shimizu Muneharu to a water siege. The water siege in which Hideyoshi dammed the Ashimori River to inundate Takamatsu Castle is said to have been the largest engineering project in Japanese history. This historic battle became the catalyst for Hideyoshi's retreat to Kyoto via the Great Retreat through Chugoku after receiving news of the Honnoji Incident.
March 2, 1582 (Tenshō 10)
In March of Tenshō 10 (1582), during Oda Nobunaga's Kōshū Campaign, a massive army led by Oda Nobutada besieged Takato Castle in Shinano Province. Castle lord Nishina Morinobu resisted with fewer than 3,000 troops but was defeated in a single day and took his own life. The battle is remembered as the decisive final struggle that sealed the fate of the Takeda clan.
March 11, Tenshō 10 (April 3, 1582)
In March 1582, Takeda Katsuyori was cornered at Tenmokuzan in Kai Province by the combined forces of Oda Nobunaga and Tokugawa Ieyasu, and committed ritual suicide with his wife and remaining retainers. This final stand marked the extinction of the Takeda clan, once celebrated as the Sengoku era's most feared military power.
8th month, Tensho 10 (August 1582)
In August 1582 (Tenshō 10), Chosokabe Motochika crushed the Miyoshi-Sogo coalition at the Nakatomigawa River in Awa Province. Seizing the chaos that erupted after the Honnoji Incident, Motochika's resolve and the lightning campaign mounted by elite 'ichiryo gusoku' troops became the decisive move in Shikoku's unification.
Sixth month (16th–19th), Tenshō 10 (July 5–8, 1582)
In the sixth month of Tenshō 10 (1582), immediately after Oda Nobunaga was killed at Honnō-ji, Takigawa Kazumasu—the Oda retainer governing Kōzuke—clashed with the Hōjō forces led by Hōjō Ujinao at the Kanna River on the Musashi–Kōzuke border. Regarded as the largest field battle in the Kantō during the Sengoku period, Kazumasu's roughly 18,000 men were routed by the Hōjō's roughly 56,000, and he fled all the way back to his home at Nagashima in Ise.
August 1532 CE (Tenbun 1)
In August of Tenbun 1 (1532), the allied forces of Hosokawa Harumoto, Rokkaku Sadayori, and the Hokke Ikki (Lotus Sutra league) burned and destroyed Yamashina Hongan-ji, the headquarters of the Ikko Ikki, in a decisive engagement of the Eishoku-Tenbun Disturbance (1531–1535). This event paved the way for the Hongan-ji's relocation to Osaka and the subsequent Ishiyama Conflict.
Autumn, Tenbun 9 (1540)
In autumn 1540, at Kōriyama Castle in Aki Province (present-day Akitakata City, Hiroshima Prefecture), Mōri Motonari repulsed a massive invasion by Amako Haruhisa of Izumi Province. Vastly outnumbered, Mōri's defense and counterattacks forced the Amako withdrawal, marking the turning point in Mōri's rise to dominate the Chūgoku region.
October 23, 1538 (Tenbun 7, 10th month, 7th day)
A 1538 battle at Kōnodai in Shimōsa Province between the allied forces of Ashikaga Yoshiaki, head of the Koyumi Kubō, and Satomi Yoshitaka against Hōjō Ujitsuna and his son Ujiyasu of the Later Hōjō. Yoshiaki's death in battle ended the Koyumi Kubō line and opened the way for Hōjō expansion into Shimōsa.
July 1536 (Tenbun 5)
In July 1536, warrior-monks of Enryaku-ji on Mt. Hiei, backed by Rokkaku Sadayori's forces, burned all twenty-one Hokke (Nichiren) temple compounds in Kyoto. The resulting destruction surpassed even the Ōnin War, and the Hokke faithful were expelled from the capital for six years — a vivid example of the interplay between religion, armed force, and daimyo power in the Sengoku age.
March 19, 1548 (Tenbun 17)
On March 19, 1548 (Tenbun 17), the forces of Oda Nobuhide of Owari clashed with the allied Imagawa–Matsudaira army—commanded by the Imagawa strategist-monk Taigen Sessai—at Azukizaka in Mikawa Province (present-day Okayama-chō, Okazaki City, Aichi Prefecture). The battle arose from the contest between the Oda and Imagawa clans for control of Mikawa Province, centered on guardianship of the young Matsudaira Hirotada, lord of Okazaki Castle. The Imagawa victory secured their dominance over Mikawa and set the stage for the young Tokugawa Ieyasu's years as an Imagawa hostage.
February, Tenbun 17 (1548)
In February 1548, Takeda Shingen suffered one of his most severe defeats at the hands of Murakami Yoshikiyo at Udahara in Shinano Province. Shingen was wounded in the right thigh by an arrow and forced to withdraw, while two of his most trusted generals—Itagaki Nobukata and Amari Torayasu—were killed in the battle.
May 19, 1546 (20th day, 4th month, Tenbun 15)
In 1546, Hōjō Ujiyasu launched a daring night assault with only 8,000 men against an 80,000-strong besieging coalition — the greatest surprise battle in the Kantō region. Crushing the combined forces of Uesugi Tomosada and Ashikaga Haruuji, Ujiyasu established Hōjō supremacy over the Kantō plain and cemented his reputation as one of the era's greatest commanders.
June 1542 (Tenbun 11) – September 1548 (Tenbun 17)
From 1542 to 1548, Date clan head Date Tanemune and his son and heir Harumune clashed over succession and foreign alliance policy, escalating into a six-year war that split the daimyo of the Ōu region into two camps. Mediation by shogun Ashikaga Yoshiteru brought peace; Harumune relocated the clan's base to Yonezawa Castle and reorganized its rule, laying the groundwork for Date Masamune's later unification of Ōshū.
June 28, Genki 1 (July 30, 1570)
In June of Genki 1 (1570), the allied forces of Oda Nobunaga and Tokugawa Ieyasu clashed with those of Azai Nagamasa and Asakura Yoshikage in a pitched battle at the banks of the Anekawa River in Ōmi Province. The fierce efforts of Tokugawa Ieyasu's retainer Sakakibara Yasumasa and others turned the tide of battle, and the Oda-Tokugawa forces achieved victory. This battle accelerated the collapse of the Azai-Asakura alliance.
April, Genki 1 (1570)
In April 1570, Oda Nobunaga invaded Echizen Province to attack Asakura Yoshikage. When his ally Azai Nagamasa unexpectedly betrayed him, cutting off his retreat, Nobunaga executed a desperate fighting withdrawal — the famous 'Kanegasaki Withdrawal'. Kinoshita Hideyoshi commanded the rear guard that held off the pursuing Asakura-Azai forces long enough for Nobunaga to reach safety.
1570–1580 (Genki 1 – Tenshō 8)
From 1570 to 1580, the Ishiyama Hongan-ji — the headquarters of Jōdo Shinshū Buddhism on the site of present-day Osaka Castle — resisted Oda Nobunaga's forces for nearly a decade. The fortress-temple's armed adherents (ikki) held out against repeated assaults and naval blockades until an imperial-mediated truce ended the conflict. The longest siege of the Sengoku period.
May 4, Genki 3 (June 5, 1572 CE)
In the third year of Genki (1572), in Hyūga Province (present-day Miyazaki Prefecture), the Shimazu army under Shimazu Yoshihiro defeated the Itō army under Itō Yoshisuke through brilliant stratagem. With a small force, Shimazu Yoshihiro employed the tsurino-buse tactic to annihilate an Itō army more than three times their size, achieving a decisive victory in the struggle for hegemony between Satsuma and Hyūga. Through this battle, Yoshihiro's martial fame spread widely, and Shimazu clan control of Hyūga was firmly established. Called 'Hyūga's Okehazama,' this is the most important battle in the military history of Satsuma, Ōsumi, and Hyūga.
1572–1575 (Genki 3 – Tenshō 3)
From Genki 3 (1572) to Tenshō 3 (1575), the Takeda and Oda clans contested control of Iwamura Castle in Mino Province. Female castle lord Lady Otsuya sought to protect the castle through marriage to Takeda strategist Akiyama Torashige, but after the Battle of Nagashino, Oda forces retook the castle, and both Torashige and Otsuya were executed.
May 1615 (4th–5th month, Keichō 20)
In May 1615, Tokugawa Ieyasu crushed the Toyotomi clan in the final campaign of Japan's unification. Sanada Yukimura's suicidal charge against Ieyasu's headquarters became legendary, earning him the title 'Japan's greatest warrior.'
October–December 1614 (9th–12th month, Keichō 19)
From October to December 1614, Tokugawa Ieyasu besieged Osaka Castle, held by Toyotomi Hideyori. Sanada Yukimura's celebrated fortification, the Sanada-maru, repulsed repeated Tokugawa assaults. Ultimately ending in a negotiated peace that stripped the castle's outer defenses, the campaign set the stage for the decisive Summer Campaign of 1615.
October 21, 1600 (Keichō 5, 9th month, 15th day)
On October 21, 1600, the decisive battle of Japan's unification was fought at Sekigahara in Mino Province. The Eastern Army under Tokugawa Ieyasu clashed with the Western Army under Ishida Mitsunari, determining Japan's hegemon in a single day.